Joseph, MO 483 Issued April 21, 2009 [Internet]
Be aware that B12 may temporarily discolour urine red or orange, which is harmless
No human clinical trials have been completed as of 2026
The most recent systematic review, published last year in an orthopaedic journal, screened 544 papers and found one human study that qualified: a retrospective look at 12 people who had the peptide injected into an arthritic knee, seven of whom reported relief lasting more than six months
Using sterile water without preservative would require discarding unused portions after each use, which is wasteful and impractical
No reconstitution, syringes, or refrigeration needed